ILD RISK FACTORS

Sarcoidosis

What is it?
Sarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous disease of unknown cause that primarily affects the lung and lymphatic systems.1

  • Leads to the formation of granulomas in organs and tissues throughout the body2
Lungs and mediastinal lymph nodes are affected in more than 90% of patients with sarcoidosis1

Risk factors:

  • Typically found in young and middle-aged adults (20-40), 2 peak ages of incidence: 25-29 and 65-69.

    Typically found in young and middle-aged adults (20-40 years)1,3,4; 2 peak ages of incidence: 25-29 and 65-69.5

Increased risk for African Americans1; in the US, the adjusted annual incidence is over 3x greater in African Americans than Caucasians.6

  • Risk is slightly increased for women

    Risk is slightly increased for women.5


A pattern of familial clustering suggests there is a genetic predisposition,1,3 and increased risk with mutations to antigen recognition proteins1:

  • HLA-A11
  • HLA-B81
  • HLA-DR31

Prevalence:

There are 35.5 cases for African Americans vs 10.9 cases for Caucasians of sarcoidosis per 100,000 population
20% of these patients develop pulmonary fibrosis7

References:
1. American Thoracic Society. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1999;160(2):736-55. 2. Beegle SH et al. Drug Design, Development and Therapy. 2013;7:325-338. 3. Ianuzzi MC et al. Sarcoidosis. Merck Manual Professional Version website. https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/pulmonary-disorders/sarcoidosis/sarcoidosis. August 2017. Accessed July 15, 2022. 4. Coker RK. Ther Clin Risk Manag. 2009;5(3):575-84. 5. Baughman RP et al. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2016;13(8):1244-52. 6. Kearney GD et al. Respir Med. 2018; pii: S0954-6111(18)30369-X. 7. Patterson KC et al. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2013;10(4):362-70.